Pilihan versus Kewajiban: Perdebatan Pengaturan Jilbab di Sekolah Negeri di Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18592/alhadharah.v21i1.12498Keywords:
seragam sekolah, jilbab, anak, kebebasan beragama.Abstract
Menyusul terbitnya Surat Keputusan Bersama (SKB) tentang PenggunaanSeragam dan Atribut di Sekolah Negeri untuk Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengaholeh Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan (Kemendikbud), KementerianAgama (Kemenag) dan Kementerian Dalam Negeri (Kemendagri). ) di Indonesia,pertanyaan tentang seragam sekolah siswa perempuan Muslim berada di bawahsorotan media dan politik yang intens, dua wacana yang bersaing telah muncul.Wacana pertama berpusat pada jilbab sebagai pilihan perempuan dan simbolpemberdayaan perempuan. Wacana kedua muncul sebagian besar sebagaitanggapan atas wacana pertama dan menegaskan bahwa menutupi aurat adalahkewajiban agama, bukan hak pilihan pribadi. Perdebatan tentanf SKB inimelampaui wacana “pilihan” dan “kewajiban” berkaitan dengan pengamalanagama oleh anak, peran orang tua, sekolah, dan negara dalam konteks Islam,kebebasan beragama dan hak asasi manusia.References
Akboga, S. (2014). Turkish civil society divided by the headscarf ban.
Democratization, 21(4), 610–633.
https://doi.org/10.1080/13510347.2012.751976
Baker, P., Gabrielatos, C., & McEnery, T. (2013). Discourse analysis and media
attitudes: The representation of Islam in the British press. Cambridge
University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511920103
Baker, P., & McEnery, T. (Eds.). (2015). Corpora and discourse studies:
Integrating discourse and corpora. Palgrave Macmillan.
Bayat, A. (Ed.). (2013). Post-Islamism: The changing faces of political Islam.
Oxford University Press.
Bedmar, V. L., & Palma, V. C.-D. (2010). The Muslim veil controversy in French and
Spanish schools. Islam and Christian–Muslim Relations, 21(1), 61–73.
https://doi.org/10.1080/09596410903481861
Beydoun, K. A. (2008). Laïcité, liberalism, and the headscarf. Journal of Islamic
Law and Culture, 10(2), 191–215.
https://doi.org/10.1080/15288170802285439
Blair, A., & Aps, W. (2005). What not to wear and other stories: Addressing
religious diversity in schools. Education and the Law, 17(1–2), 1–22.
https://doi.org/10.1080/09539960500165226
Bouteldja, N. (2014). France vs. England. In E. Brems (Ed.), The Experiences of
Face Veil Wearers in Europe and the Law (pp. 115–160). Cambridge
University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415591.006
Brenner, S. (1996). reconstructing self and society: Javanese Muslim women and
“the veil.” American Ethnologist, 23(4), 673–697.
https://doi.org/10.1525/ae.1996.23.4.02a00010
Brezina, V., Timperley, M., & McEnery, T. (2019). #LancsBox: Lancaster
University corpus toolbox. http://corpora.lancs.ac.uk/lancsbox/ALHADHARAH: JURNAL ILMU DAKWAH 119
Carney, D., & Sinclair, A. (2006). School uniform revisited: Procedure, pressure
and equality. Education and the Law, 18(2–3), 131–148.
https://doi.org/10.1080/09539960600919829
Crowder, G., Griffiths, M., & Hasan, M. (2014). Islam, Islamism, and Post-Islamism:
Rediscovering Politics after the War on Terror. Australian Journal of Politics
& History, 60(1), 110–124. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajph.12048
Fujiwara, S. (2016). ‘Geertz vs Asad’ in RE Textbooks: A Comparison Between
England’s and Indonesia’s Textbooks. In J. Berglund, Y. Shanneik, & B.
Bocking (Eds.), Religious Education in a Global-Local World (Vol. 4, pp. 205–
. Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-
-6_13
Giddens, A. (2004). Beneath the Hijab: A Woman. New Perspectives Quarterly,
(2), 9–11. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5842.2004.00652.x
Guven, I. (2010). Globalisation, Political Islam and the headscarf in education,
with special reference to the Turkish educational system. Comparative
Education, 46(3), 377–390. JSTOR.
Hefner, R. W. (2013). The Study of Religious Freedom in Indonesia. The Review
of Faith & International Affairs, 11(2), 18–27.
https://doi.org/10.1080/15570274.2013.808038
Hosen, N. (2005). Religion and the Indonesian constitution: A recent debate.
Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, 36, 419–440.
Jones, C. (2007). Fashion and Faith in Urban Indonesia. Fashion Theory, 11(2–3),
–231. https://doi.org/10.2752/136270407X202763
Jones, C. (2010). Materializing piety: Gendered anxieties about faithful
consumption in contemporary urban Indonesia. American Ethnologist,
(4), 617–637. JSTOR.
Jones, N., & Braun, K. (2017). Secularism and state neutrality: The headscarf in
French and German public schools. Australian Journal of Human Rights,
(1), 61–89. https://doi.org/10.1080/1323238X.2017.1314441
Kim, H.-J. (1998). The changing interpretation of religious freedom in Indonesia.
Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, 29, 357–373.
Koo, G. Y., & Han, H. E. (2018). To veil or not to veil: Turkish and Iranian hijab
policies and the struggle for recognition. Asian Journal of Women’s Studies,
(1), 47–70. https://doi.org/10.1080/12259276.2018.1427663
Leirvik, O. (2004). Religious education, communal identity and national politics
in the Muslim world. British Journal of Religious Education, 26, 223–236.
Marshall, P. (2018). The Ambiguities of Religious Freedom in Indonesia. The
Review of Faith & International Affairs, 16(1), 85–96.
https://doi.org/10.1080/15570274.2018.1433588
Mir-Hosseini, Z. (2007). The Politics and Hermeneutics of Hijab in Iran: From
Confinement to Choice. Muslim World Journal of Human Rights, 4(1).
https://doi.org/10.2202/1554-4419.1114
Nisa, E. F. (2012). Embodied Faith: Agency and Obedience among Face-veiled
University Students in Indonesia. The Asia Pacific Journal of Anthropology,
(4), 366–381. https://doi.org/10.1080/14442213.2012.697187
Oztig, L. I. (2018). The Turkish Constitutional Court, laicism and the headscarf
issue. Third World Quarterly, 39(3), 594–608.
https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2017.1396536
Parker, L. (2017). Intersections of Gender/Sex, Multiculturalism and Religion:120 ZAINAL PIKRI, SYADZALI, INNA MUTHMAINNAH
Young Muslim Minority Women in Contemporary Bali. Asian Studies Review,
(3), 441–458. https://doi.org/10.1080/10357823.2017.1332004
Pirmasari, D. A. (2021). To veil or not to veil? Islamic dress and control over
women’s public appearance. Journal of Gender Studies, 30(2), 136–149.
https://doi.org/10.1080/09589236.2020.1863199
Poulter, S. (1997). Muslim Headscarves in School: Contrasting Legal Approaches
in England and France. Oxford Journal of Legal Studies, 17(1), 43–74.
https://doi.org/10.1093/ojls/17.1.43
Reyes, J. A. L., & Smith, T. (2017). Analysing labels, associations, and sentiments
in Twitter on the Abu Sayyaf kidnapping of Viktor Okonek. Terrorism and
Political Violence, 29(6), 1026–1044.
https://doi.org/10.1080/09546553.2015.1105798
Rinaldo, R. (2013). Mobilizing piety: Islam and feminism in Indonesia. Oxford
University Press.
Robinson, K. M. (2009). Gender, Islam, and democracy in Indonesia. Routledge.
Rougier, N. (2013). The hijab in the (denominational) Irish education system –
tolerated or accepted? Education Inquiry, 4(1), 149–166.
https://doi.org/10.3402/edui.v4i1.22066
Safitri, D. M. (2010). What Went Wrong with the Veil? A Comparative Analysis of
the Discourse of the Veil in France, Iran, and Indonesia. Al-Jami’ah: Journal
of Islamic Studies, 48(1), 81–100. https://doi.org/10.14421/ajis.2010.481.81-
Salama, A. H. Y. (2011). Ideological collocation and the recontexualization of
Wahhabi-Saudi Islam post-9/11: A synergy of corpus linguistics and critical
discourse analysis. Discourse & Society, 22(3), 315–342.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0957926510395445
Smith-Hefner, N. J. (2007). Javanese Women and the Veil in Post-Soeharto
Indonesia. The Journal of Asian Studies, 66(2), 389–420.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021911807000575
Stange, P. (1992). Religious change in contemporary Souteast Asia. In N. Tarling
(Ed.), The Cambridge history of Southeast Asia (Vol. 2, pp. 529–584).
Cambridge University Press.
Taylor, J. A., Ayoub, S., & Moussa, F. (2014). The Hijab in Public Schools. Religion
& Education, 41(1), 16–30. https://doi.org/10.1080/15507394.2014.855062
Uğur, Z. B. (2020). Unveiled: The Effect of the Headscarf Ban on Women’s
Tertiary Education in Turkey. Feminist Economics, 26(2), 187–217.
https://doi.org/10.1080/13545701.2019.1685119
Walton, S., & Boon, B. (2014). Engaging with a Laclau & Mouffe informed
discourse analysis: A proposed framework. Qualitative Research in
Organizations and Management: An International Journal.
Wodak, R., & Meyer, M. (Eds.). (2009). Methods of critical discourse analysis
(2nd ed). SAGE.
Yusuf, M., & Sterkens, C. (2015). Analysing the State’s Laws on Religious
Education in Post-New Order Indonesia. Al-Jami’ah: Journal of Islamic
Studies, 53(1), 105. https://doi.org/10.14421/ajis.2015.531.105-130
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Zainal Pikri, Ahmad Syadzali, Najla Amaly
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International Public License (CC BY-NC 4.0). This license allows reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format for noncommercial purposes only, provided that proper attribution is given to the original creator.
