MATERIALISME DIALEKTIK DAN KONFLIK KELAS DALAM SEJARAH MANUSIA: Telaah Terhadap Pemikiran Karl Marx
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18592/khazanah.v10i1.4548Keywords:
Materialisme Dialektik, Ekonomi, Konflik Kelas, Sejarah ManusiaAbstract
This paper intends to explore the ideas of Karl Marx, a controversial figure, whose thoughts have had a lot of influence on the history of modern human life. The focus of this study is related to the main theme carried by this figure, namely dialectical materialism and class conflict in human history. This paper is a literature review by backing up data from sources relevant to the discussion. After a careful study, it was found that the important contribution of Karl Marx was in the historical approach he used to the arguments he put forward, as well as the recognition of the large influence of economic factors in limiting the alternatives of action. Another service of Karl Marx is his social critique which is a moral contribution to the social order through the classless society he coveted. The fundamental objection to Marx's philosophy is that his thinking is too monistic and opposes the scientific approach to change, thus ignoring pluralism in life. Tulisan ini bermaksud mengeksplorasi gagasan dari Karl Marx, seorang tokoh kontroversial, yang pemikirannya banyak memberikan pengaruh terhadap sejarah kehidupan manusia modern. Fokus kajian ini yaitu terkait dengan tema utama yang diusung oleh tokoh ini, yakni tentang materialism dialektik dan konflik kelas dalam sejarah manusia. Tulisan ini merupakan sebuah kajian literatur dengan melack data dari sumber-sumber yang relevan dengan pembahasan. Setelah dilakukan kajian secara seksama diperoleh hasil bahwa kontribusi penting Karl Marx terdapat pada pendekatan historis yang digunakannya terhadap dalil-dalil yang diajukannya, di samping pengakuan akan besarnya pengaruh faktor ekonomi dalam membatasi alternatif-alternatif tindakan. Jasa Karl Marx lainnya adalah kritik sosialnya yang merupakan sumbangan moril terhadap tata sosial melalui masyarakat tanpa kelas yang diidamkannya. Adapun keberatan mendasar atas filsafat Marx adalah pemikirannya yang terlalu monistik dan menentang pendekatan ilmiah atas perubahan, sehingga dengan demikian mengabaikan pluralistik dalam hidup.References
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