Potensi dan Praktik Literasi Artificial Intelligence (AI) dalam Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini di Indonesia: Systematic Literature Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18592/jea.v11i1.16329Keywords:
Artificial Intelligence, AI literacy, Early Childhood Education, IndonesiaAbstract
The rapid development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has significantly impacted various sectors, including Early Childhood Education (ECE). This study aims to identify the potential and current practices of AI literacy within the context in Indonesia and emphasizes the importance of strengthening AI literacy from an early age to prepare a generation that is adaptive to technology. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted using the PICO framework and PRISMA protocol. Literature was systematically collected from Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Springer, and Sinta, resulting in 79 articles, of which 14 met the inclusion criteria (Indonesian-based studies, published between 2020–2025, in Indonesian or English). The data were then analyzed using thematic analysis. Findings indicate that AI literacy has a strong potential to enhance learning quality in ECE through interactive, adaptive, and personalized approaches. Technologies such as chatbots, augmented reality (AR), and virtual reality (VR) have been utilized to support cognitive, social-emotional development, and children with special needs. However, AI practices in Indonesia remain limited to institutions with adequate digital infrastructure and technologically literate educators. The lack of empirical research also highlights the need for further exploration. Optimizing AI implementation requires multi-stakeholder collaboration to strengthen infrastructure, train educators, and develop policies that prioritize ethics, safety, and equitable access before national scaling.References
Al-Zyoud, H. M. M. (2020). The Role Of Artificial Intelligence in Teacher Professional Development. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 8(11B), 6263–6272. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2020.082265
Chen, J. J. (2024). A Scoping Study of AI Affordances in Early Childhood Education: Mapping the Global Landscape, Identifying Research Gaps, and Charting Future Research Directions. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research, 81, 701–740. https://doi.org/10.1613/jair.1.16882
Chen, L., Chen, P., & Lin, Z. (2020). Artificial Intelligence in Education: A Review. IEEE Access, 8, 75264–75278. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2988510
Daulay, M. I., & Daulay, D. H. (2025). Pemanfaatan Artificial Intelligence (AI) untuk Anak Usia Dini. Journal FKIP, 5(1), 158–167. https://doi.org/10.29303/jmp.v5i1.8681
Fadiyah, D., & Akbar, M. (2024). Artificial Intelligence Through Games for Early Childhood ( Case Study : Kindergarten School ). MADANI Jurnal Politik Dan Sosial Kemasyarakatan, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.52166/madani.v16i01.6481
Fatmawati, N. M. (2024). Utilization of Artificial Intelligence-Based Learning Videos : Enhancing Learning Interest in Early Childhood Moral Education. Golden Age: Jurnal Ilmiah Tumbuh Kembang Anak Usia Dini, 9(September), 475–486. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.14421/jga.2024.93-09
Fauziddin, M., & Ningrum, M. A. (2024). Symantic Literature Review : Manfaat Artificial Intelligence (AI) pada Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini di Indonesia. Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 8(6), 1475–1488. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v8i6.6236
Frandsen, T. F., Bruun Nielsen, M. F., Lindhardt, C. L., & Eriksen, M. B. (2020). Using The Full PICO Model As a Search Tool for Systematic Reviews Resulted in Lower Recall For Some PICO Elements. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 127, 69–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2020.07.005
Guilherme, A. (2019). AI and Education: The Importance of Teacher and Student Relations. AI and Society, 34(1), 47–54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-017-0693-8
Ida, R. (2023). Mengeksplorasi Literasi Artificial Intelligence dalam Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini: Systematic Literature Review. Research in Early Childhood Education and Parenting, 4(2), 91–96. https://ejournal.upi.edu/index.php/RECEP/article/view/64654
Janiesch, C., Zschech, P., & Heinrich, K. (2021). Machine Learning and Deep Learning. Electronic Markets, 685–695. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s12525-021-00475-2
Kim, K., & Kwon, K. (2024). A Systematic Review of The Evaluation In K-12 Artificial Intelligence Education from 2013 to 2022. Interactive Learning Environments. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2024.2335499
Koenarso, D. A. P., & Ayuningtyas, F. (2024). The Communication Patterns of Fathers in Developing Children’s Science Proficiency in the Era of Artificial Intelligence. TEMATIK: Jurnal Pemikiran Dan Penelitian Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 10(1), 40. https://doi.org/10.26858/tematik.v10i1.62065
Kwon, J. (2023). A Study on Ethical Awareness Changes and Education in Artificial Intelligence Society. Revue d’Intelligence Artificielle, 37(2), 341–345. https://doi.org/10.18280/ria.370212
Masturoh, U., Irayana, I., & Adriliyana, F. N. (2024). Digitalization of Play Activities and Games: Artificial Intelligence in Early Childhood Education. TEMATIK: Jurnal Pemikiran Dan Penelitian Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 10(1), 21. https://doi.org/10.26858/tematik.v10i1.62195
Meilasari, D., & Diana, R. R. (2022). Peran Orang Tua dalam Mengembangkan Literasi Pada Anak Usia Dini. JEA (Jurnal Edukasi AUD), 8(1), 41. https://doi.org/10.18592/jea.v8i1.6364
Novendawati Wahyu, S. (2022). Mengenal Analisa Konten dan Analisa Tematik dalam Penelitian Kualitatif. Forum Ilmiah, 19, 78. https://ejurnal.esaunggul.ac.id/index.php/Formil/article/view/5082
Nurnaningsih, S. M., & Salehudin, M. (2025). Transformasi Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini melalui Media AI : Sebuah Pendekatan Inklusif. Indonesian Journal of Early Childhood: Jurnal Dunia Anak Usia Dini.7, 156–165. https://doi.org/10.35473/ijec.v7i1.3615
Pham, S. T. H., & Sampson, P. M. (2022). The Development of Artificial Intelligence in Education: A review in context. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 38(5), 1408–1421. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcal.12687
Qomariyah, N., Yanto, M., & Fathorrozy. (2024). Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini dalam Perkembangan Tekhnologi: Peran Kurikulum Ramah Anak dan Literasi Artificial Intelligence. Kiddo: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam Anak Usia Dini, 4(2), 782–790. https://doi.org/10.19105/kiddo.v5i1.12782
Rahmawati, F., Mulyana, E. H., & Qonita, Q. (2024). Digitalisasi Pendidikan Melalui Pengembangan Media Digital Interaktif Tema Alam Semesta untuk Memfasilitasi Keterampilan Saintifik Anak Usia Dini. JEA (Jurnal Edukasi AUD), 10(1), 57–69. https://doi.org/10.18592/jea.v10i1.12557
Rethlefsen, M. L., & Page, M. J. (2022). PRISMA 2020 and PRISMA-S: Common Questions on Tracking Records and The Flow Diagram. Journal of the Medical Library Association, 110(2), 253–257. https://doi.org/10.5195/jmla.2022.1449
Sarkis-Onofre, R., Catalá-López, F., Aromataris, E., & Lockwood, C. (2021). How to Properly Use the PRISMA Statement. Systematic Reviews, 10(1), 13–15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-021-01671-z
Sayangan, Y. V. (2024). Digital Picture Card Media Based on Mother Tongue Assisted with Artificial Intelligence in Literacy Learning for Early Grades. International Journal of Elementary Education, 8(3), 461–471. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.23887/ijee.v8i3.84158 Digital
Sinaga, N. E., Dealova, M. M., & Nediva, V. (2024). Pengaruh Penggunaan Artificial Intelligence Terhadap Pendidikan Anak Usia Sekolah: Tinjauan Literatur. Jurnal Empati, 13(06), 528–542. https://doi.org/10.14710/empati.2024.48000
Solichah, N., & Shofiah, N. (2024). Artificial Intelligence ( AI ) Literacy in Early Childhood Education : A Scoping Review Literasi melalui Artificial Intelligence ( AI ) dalam Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini : Tinjauan Pelingkupan. Psikologika:Jurnal Pemikiran dan Penelitian Psikologi, 29, 173–190. https://doi.org/10.20885/psikologika.vol29.iss2.art1
Su, J., & Yang, W. (2022). Artificial Intelligence in Early Childhood Education: a Scoping Review. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 3(December 2021), 100049. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2022.100049
Suryani, A., & Rohman, F. (2024). Artificial Intelligence Sebagai Media Pembelajaran untuk Anak Usia Dini. CERIA:Jurnal Program Studi Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 13(3), 391–415. https://jurnal.umt.ac.id/index.php/ceria/article/view/12176
Tedre, M., Toivonen, T., Kahila, J., Vartiainen, H., Valtonen, T., Jormanainen, I., & Pears, A. (2021). Teaching Machine Learning in K-12 Classroom: Pedagogical And Technological Trajectories For Artificial Intelligence Education. IEEE Access, 9, 110558–110572. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3097962
Ulfah, M., & Hina, S. (2025). The Role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) In Improving the Quality of Education in Early Childhood Education Programs. Indonesian Journal of Artificial Intelligence, 01(01), 49–60. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.61987/ijai.v1i1.666
Yang, W. (2022). Artificial Intelligence Education For Young Children: Why, What, And How In Curriculum Design And Implementation. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 3(January), 100061. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2022.100061
Yue, M., Jong, M. S. Y., & Dai, Y. (2022). Pedagogical Design of K-12 Artificial Intelligence Education: A Systematic Review. Sustainability (Switzerland), 14(23), 1–29. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142315620
Zhai, X., Chu, X., Chai, C. S., Jong, M. S. Y., Istenic, A., Spector, M., Liu, J. B., Yuan, J., & Li, Y. (2021). A Review of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Education from 2010 to 2020. Complexity, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8812542
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Salma Aulia Khosibah, Afifah Rahmaningrum, Cindy Tri Kusumawardani, Cindy Tri Kusumawardani

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
JEA (Jurnal Edukasi AUD) by http://jurnal.uin-antasari.ac.id/index.php/jurnalaud/index is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.