INTEGRASI ILMU TAFSIR DAN ILMU SOSIAL: SEBUAH CATATAN AWAL TENTANG SOSIOLOGI AL-QUR`AN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18592/jiiu.v19i2.4000Keywords:
sociology of the Qur`an, integration, scientific interpretation (al-tafsîr al-’ilmî)Abstract
The scientific explanation of society, as Western sociology offers, has been criticized by some Muslim scholars for some limitedness. But, unfortunately, they cannot reconstruct what they propagated as the ‘Islamic sociology’. One of main factors of their failure is neglecting the Qur`an as the starting point of the reconstruction. Employing a thematic interpretation, focusing on the issues of norm, tradition, and social change, this article is aimed to reconstruct the so-called ‘sociology of the Qur`an’. The discussion will be started from initiating the ‘philosophy’ or the rationale for the integration between Qur`an interpretation and social sciences, then it will discuss those issues, and finally will drawn some main points in the term of the Qur`anic sociology and idealized methods for the integration. This article arrives at the conclusion that a society in the Qur`anic perspective are characterized by being prophetic in the term of seeking ideals and by involving of closely related elements of God, man, and ‘history’ (man’s creativity) in in the term of social change. It is suggested to employ a scientific and thematic interpretation applying semantic approach in interpreting Quranic verses to reconstruct Quranic concept of society. AbstrakPenjelasan ilmiah tentang masyarakat, sebagaimana yang ditawarkan oleh sosiologi Barat, telah dikritik oleh sebagian intelektual Muslim karena beberapa kelemahan. Akan tetapi, sayangnya, mereka tidak bisa merekonstruksi apa yang mereka serukan sebagai ‘sosiologi Islam’. Salah satu faktor utama kegagalan mereka adalah mengabaikan al-Qur`an sebagai titik-tolak rekonstruksi. Dengan menerapkan penafsiran tematik, berfokus pada persoalan tentang norma, tradisi, dan perubahan sosial, artikel ini dimaksudkan untuk merekonstruk yang apa yang disebut ‘sosiologi al-Qur`an’. Diskusi akan dimulai dari upaya menjelaskan ‘filosofi’ atau alasan yang mendasari pentingnya integrasi antara penafsiran al-Qur`an dan ilmu-ilmu sosial, kemudian akan mendiskusikan isu-isu itu, dan terakhir akan menarik beberapa point utama dalam hal sosiologi and metode yang diidealisasikan untuk integrasi. Artikel ini sampai pada kesimpulan bahwa suatu masyarakat dalam perspektif al-Qur`an memiliki ciri bersifat profetik dalam hal mencari yang ideal dan dengan keterlibatan elemen-elemen yang terkait erat antara Tuhan, manusia, dan ‘sejarah’ (kreativitas manusia) dalam hal perubahan sosial. Disarankan untuk menerapkan penafsiran saintifik dan tematik dengan menggunakan pendekatan semantik dalam menafsirkan ayat-ayat al-Qur`an untuk merekonstruk konsep al-Qur`an tentang masyarakat.References
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