PARADIGMA DAN ALIENASI KONSEP MASLAHAT AL-TUFI SEBAGAI LEGALITAS SUMBER SYARIAH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18592/al-banjari.v19i2.3823Keywords:
legality, maslahat, al-tufi, shariaAbstract
Abstract
This paper aims to describe the al-ṬūfÄ«'s concept of maá¹£laḥah as the supremacy of Islamic law and its difference with the concept of maá¹£laḥah by the majority of scholars. This research is in the form of library research with content analysis and comparison methods. The primary sources used were Sharḥ al-Arba'Ä«n al-NawÄwÄ« Mulḥiq al-Maá¹£laḥah fi al-TashrÄ« 'al-IslÄmÄ« and Sharḥ Mukhtaá¹£ar al-Rawá¸ah. Maá¹£laḥah for al-ṬūfÄ« is all causes that lead to good, both in the field of worship and muamalah, and all efforts to realize maqÄá¹£id al-sharÄ«'ah. Al-ṬūfÄ« based his concept on text, consent, and intelligence. Al-Tufi places maá¹£laḥah as the strongest and independent proposition in the field of mu’Ämalah. This thought is what distinguishes it from the concept of maá¹£laḥah in general. The methods he uses are takhṣīṣ and bayÄn, both of which only apply to ẓannÄ« texts, not qaá¹'Ä« texts.
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Abstrak
Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan konsep maá¹£laḥah al-ṬūfÄ« sebagai supremasi hukum syariah dan distingsinya dengan konsep maslahat mayoritas ulama. Penelitian ini berupa penelitian pustaka dengan metode content analisys dan komparasi. Sumber primer yang digunakan yaitu Sharḥ al-Arba‘īn al-NawÄwÄ« Mulḥiq al-Maá¹£laḥah fi al-Tashrī‘ al-IslÄmÄ« dan Sharḥ Mukhtaá¹£ar al-Rawá¸ah. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa menurut al-ṬūfÄ«, maslahat ialah segala sebab yang membawa kepada kebaikan, dalam bidang ibadah dan muamalah, serta segala upaya untuk merealisasikan maqÄá¹£id al-sharī‘ah. Konsepnya didasarkan atas nash, ijmak, dan intelegensi. al-Tufi menempatkan maslahat sebagai dalil mandiri dan terkuat dalam bidang muamalah. Hal inilah yang membedakannya dengan konsep maslahat secara umum. Metode yang ia gunakan yaitu dengan takhṣīṣ dan bayÄn yang kedunya hanya berlaku pada nash ẓannÄ«, bukan nash qaá¹â€˜Ä«.
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