Understanding Qibla Orientation through the 'Nagara' Artificial Compass: A Falak Legal Perspective

Authors

  • Hamdan Mahmud Universitas Islam Negeri Antasari
  • Bahran Bahran
  • Nor Ipansyah
  • Siti Faridah UIN Antasari
  • Ruslan Ruslan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18592/sjhp.v22i2.6492

Keywords:

Qibla, Compass, magnetic correction.

Abstract

Abstract: Facing or directing towards Qibla, which is one of the essential conditions for the validity of prayer, is sometimes challenging and tends to rely on existing directions or estimations. Among the various Qibla direction indicators circulating in society, especially in South Kalimantan, the Nagara-made compass was found (from one of the Districts in South Hulu Sungai Regency), which later became known as the Nagara compass. The research method used by the author is qualitative research, which produces descriptive data. The type of research is field research, conducted by gathering data by observing the object to be studied, with the researcher as the subject (actor) of the research. The reason for using this type of research is to obtain data in line with the location's data and to avoid invalid data regarding the Nagara compass. The data obtained are collected through observation techniques and data analysis through the science of falak. This study proves that the results of the Qibla direction indication by the Nagara compass cannot be considered scientifically accurate and cannot be justified scientifically; it can only be used as a mere aid for estimating the Qibla direction.Keywords: Qibla, Compass, magnetic correction. Abstrak:Ketentuan menghadap atau mengarah ke Qiblat yang merupakan salah satu syarat sahnya shalat, terkadang merupakan hal yang sulit untuk dilakukan, dan cenderung memanfaatkan arah yang sudah ada atau dengan taksiran saja. Diantara sekian banyak alat penunjuk arah Qiblat yang beredar di masyarakat, khususnya di Kalimantan Selatan, ditemukan kompas buatan Nagara  (salah satu Kecamatan di Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Selatan), kompas ini kemudian lebih dikenal dengan kompas Nagara. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan penulis merupakan metode penelitian kualitatif yang menghasilkan data deskriptif. Untuk jenis penelitian yaitu penelitian lapangan. Dengan cara mencari data dengan melihat obyek yang akan diteliti. Dimana peneliti sebagai subyek (pelaku) penelitian. Alasan peneliti menggunakan jenis penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data sesuai dengan data lokasi, serta untuk menghindari data yang tidak valid terhadap kompas Nagara. Data yang diperoleh menggunakan teknik observasi dan telaah data melalui ilmu falak. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa hasil penunjukkan arah Qiblat kompas Nagara secara ilmiah belum dapat dikatakan akurat dan malah belum dapat dipertanggungjawabkan keilmiahannya, dan hanya dapat dijadikan sebagai alat bantu semata, untuk mengira-ngira “arah” Qiblat.Kata Kunci : Qiblat, Kompas, koreksi magnet, 

Author Biography

Siti Faridah, UIN Antasari

Fakultas Ushuluddin

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Published

2023-07-22

Issue

Vol. 23 No. 1 (2023)

Section

Articles

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