Depicting Gender Construction in Visual Images of ELT Textbook of Junior High School in Indonesia

Authors

  • Monika Saraswati SMP Negeri 3 Padang Batung
  • Yokke Andini Universitas Islam Negeri Antasari Banjarmasin

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18592/muadalah.v10i2.8606

Keywords:

gender, gender construction, visual images

Abstract

Di Indonesia, kesadaran terhadap kesetaraan gender dalam buku pelajaran sekolah masih perlu mendapat perhatian. Sebagai upaya untuk mengisi kesenjangan tersebut, dilakukan penelitian terhadap buku pelajaran Bahasa Inggris kelas IX SMP. Penelitian ini memiliki dua tujuan: (1) untuk mengetahui konstruksi gender dalam gambar visual yang terdapat pada buku pelajaran Bahasa Inggris kelas IX SMP yang diterbitkan oleh Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia; (2) menjelaskan representasi bias dan stereotip gender dalam gambar visual buku pelajaran Bahasa Inggris kelas IX SMP yang diterbitkan oleh Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang menggunakan analisis tekstual yang dipadukan dengan analisis wacana. Dalam pengumpulan data, analisis tekstual untuk menganalisis representasi gender yang dikemukakan oleh Kress dan Van Leeuwen (2006) yang diadopsi oleh Painter dan Martin (2010) dan Van Leeuwen (2008) digunakan dan diadaptasi di beberapa bagian untuk menjawab pertanyaan penelitian. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa (1) perempuan secara relatif dikonstruksi sedikit lebih dominan daripada laki-laki dalam buku pelajaran; (2) bias gender dan stereotip gender masih ditemukan dalam buku pelajaran. Di sini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada porsi yang berbeda dalam merepresentasikan gender dalam buku teks ini yang mengarah pada bias gender. Kemudian, hal ini juga mempengaruhi stereotip gender karena dibangun berdasarkan pandangan umum tentang berbagai karakteristik yang terkait dengan budaya dan perbedaan sosial antara laki-laki dan perempuan. Oleh karena itu, latar belakang sosiokultural penulis mempengaruhi mereka untuk menentukan isi buku pelajaran. In Indonesia, the awareness of gender equality in school textbooks still needs paying attention. As an attempt to fill this gap, the ninth grade ELT textbook of Junior High School was researched. This study has two objectives: (1) to find out the gender construction in visual images found in the ninth grade ELT textbook of Junior High School published by Indonesian Ministry of Education and Culture; (2) to explain the representation of gender biasness and stereotyping in the visual images of the ninth grade ELT textbook of Junior High School published by Indonesian Ministry of Education and Culture. This study is a qualitative research study that employed textual analysis combined with discourse analysis. In collecting the data, textual analysis for analyzing gender representation proposed by Kress and Van Leeuwen (2006) adopted by Painter and Martin (2010) and Van Leeuwen (2008) was used and adapted in some parts to answer the research questions. The results revealed that (1) females relatively were constructed to be slightly more dominant than males in the textbook; (2) gender biasness and gender stereotypes were still found in the textbook. Here, it could be concluded that there were different portions in representing gender in this textbook which drove to the gender biasness. Then, it also affected gender stereotypes since they are constructed based on general views about the range of characteristics related to the culture and social divisions between males and females. Therefore, sociocultural background of the authors influenced them to determine the contents of the textbooks.

References

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Published

2022-12-31

How to Cite

Saraswati, M., & Andini, Y. (2022). Depicting Gender Construction in Visual Images of ELT Textbook of Junior High School in Indonesia. Muadalah, 10(2), 111–129. https://doi.org/10.18592/muadalah.v10i2.8606

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Articles