REPRESENTASI LIQUID RELIGION KELAS MENENGAH MUSLIM DALAM FILM ISLAMI PASCA ORDE BARU
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18592/khazanah.v17i1.2689Keywords:
Middle class Muslims, Islamic films, Religious IdeologyAbstract
The main focus of this article is the construction of the middle class Muslims through representation and images in the form of Islamic films. Representations and simulations are used to maintain and strengthen the position of the middle class in Muslim societies. In the era of liberal capitalism, spectacle media is the most popular medium of society. The image is the main value in the media, which disturbs the society of capitalism to smooth the agenda of capitalism and consumerism. The main question in this article is how the representation and simulation of Islam is from the middle class Muslims in Indonesian Islamic films in post-new Order era? This article reveals the position of Islamic films as a medium of preservation of the religious values of the middle class that are displayed through film framing such as economic ability, education qualifications and political choice. The identity of the middle class is a value that is not only illustrated without ideological battles and the struggle for space in films, but at the same time becomes a religious ideological medium, especially the closed middle class Muslims ideology.References
Abidin, M. Zainal. “Civil Society Dalam Wajah Keislaman dan Keindonesiaan.” Khazanah: Jurnal Studi Islam Dan Humaniora 12, no. 2 (August 8, 2014). https://doi.org/10.18592/khazanah.v12i2.1607.
Abidin, Muhammad Zainal. “Ulama in Indonesian Urban Society: A View of Their Role and Position in the Change of Age.” Jurnal THEOLOGIA 28, no. 2 (February 20, 2018): 235–54. https://doi.org/10.21580/teo.2017.28.2.1863.
Bauman, Zygmunt. Liquid Modernity. 1st ed. Polity, 2000. http://gen.lib.rus.ec/book/index.php?md5=ED73CCD252FFFD08C61396849B171766.
Budiman, Manneke. “The Middle Class and Morality Politics in the Envisioning of the Nation in Post-Suharto Indonesia.” Inter-Asia Cultural Studies 12, no. 4 (December 2011): 482–99. https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2011.603912.
Bunt, Gary. IMuslim: Rewiring the House of Islam. North Carolina: North Carolina University Press, 2009.
Campbell, Heidi A. When Relegions Meet New Media. New York: Routledge, 2010.
Dick, H. W. The Emergence of a National Economy: An Economic History of Indonesia, 1800-2000. Southeast Asia Publications Series. Allen & Unwin, 2002. http://gen.lib.rus.ec/book/index.php?md5=F0A12504ECABBA20C192B5F62DB74705.
Goodman, David, and Richard Robison. The New Rich in Asia: Mobile Phones, McDonald’s and Middle Class Revolution. 1st ed. London: Routledge, 1996.
Groot, Kees de. “Three Types of Liquid Religion.” Implicit Religion 11, no. 3 (February 26, 2009). https://doi.org/10.1558/imre.v11i3.277.
Hadiz, Vedi. Islamic Populism in Indonesia and the Middle East. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2016.
Hariyadi, H. “Finding Islam in Cinema: Islamic Films and the Identity of Indonesian Muslim Youths.” Al-Jami’ah: Journal of Islamic Studies 51, no. 2 (December 19, 2013): 443–73. https://doi.org/10.14421/ajis.2013.512.443-473.
Hasan, Noorhaidi. “The Making of Public Islam: Piety, Agency, and Commodification on the Landscape of the Indonesian Public Sphere.” Contemporary Islam 3, no. 3 (October 2009): 229–50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11562-009-0096-9.
Heeren, Katinka van. Contemporary Indonesian Film: Spirits of Reform and Ghost Form the Past. Leiden: KITLV Press, 2012.
Hoesterey, James B., and Marshall Clark. “Film Islami: Gender, Piety and Pop Culture in Post-Authoritarian Indonesia.” Asian Studies Review 36, no. 2 (June 1, 2012): 207–26. https://doi.org/10.1080/10357823.2012.685925.
“Jebakan Kelas Menengah - Kompas.Com.” Accessed January 29, 2019. https://ekonomi.kompas.com/read/2013/11/19/0738508/Jebakan.Kelas.Menengah.
Kersten, Carool. A History Islam in Indonesia: Unity in Diversity. Edinburg: Edinburg University Press, 2017.
———. Islam in Indonesia: The Contest for The Society, Ideas and Values. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016.
Koo, Hagen. “Middle Classes, Democratization, and Class Formation: The Case of South Korea.” Theory and Society 20, no. 4 (August 1991): 485–509. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00157323.
Kroef, Justus M. van der. “Entrepreneur and Middle Class in Indonesia.” Economic Development and Cultural Change 2, no. 4 (January 1, 1954): 297–325. https://doi.org/10.1086/449662.
Kurnia, MR. Menjadi Pemikir & Politisi Islam. Bogor: Al Azhar Press, 2013.
Lange, Hellmuth, and Lars Meier. The New Middle Classes: Globalizing Lifestyles, Consumerism and Environmental Concern. 1st ed. Dordrecht: Springer, 2009.
Lekakis, Eleftheria J. Coffee Activism and the Politics of Fair Trade and Ethical Consumption in the Global North: Political Consumerism and Cultural Citizenship. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013.
Moskowitz, Peter. How to Kill a City: Gentrification, Inequality, and the Fight for the Neighborhood. Nation Books, 2017. http://gen.lib.rus.ec/book/index.php?md5=6fa061586bb9075d2cab46bfafac6a55.
O’Connor, Paul. “Bauman Pours Out Culture.” Cultural Studies Review 18, no. 1 (2012): 263–6–263–6. https://doi.org/10.5130/csr.v18i1.2493.
PIliang, Yasraf Amir. Semiotika Dan Hipersemiotika: Kode, Gaya, Dan Matinya Makna. 4th ed. Bandung: Matahari, 2012.
Purwandi, Lilik. “Indonesia 2020: The Urban Middle Class Millenials,” 2016.
Robet, Robertus. “Modernitas dan Tragedi: Kritik dalam Sosiologi Humanistis Zygmunt Bauman.” MASYARAKAT: Jurnal Sosiologi, June 29, 2016, 139-157–157. https://doi.org/10.7454/mjs.v20i2.5224.
Rudnyckyj, Daromir. “Market Islam in Indonesia.” In Islam, Politics, Anthropology. West Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010.
Sasono, Eric. “Islamic-Themed Films in Contemporary Indonesia: Commodified Religion or Islamization?” Asian Cinema 21, no. 2 (September 1, 2010): 48–68. https://doi.org/10.1386/ac.21.2.48_1.
Tirtosudarmo, Riwanto. Mencari Indonesia: demografi-politik pasca-Soeharto. Yayasan Obor Indonesia, 2007.
Weng, Hew Wai. “Consumer Space as Political Space: Liquid Islamism in Indonesia and Malaysia.” London: Routledge, 2017.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
