Penegakan Hukum Hak Asasi Manusia Di Indonesia Dalam Kasus Pelanggaran Ham Berat: Studi Kasus Tanjung Priok, Timor Timur, Dan Abepura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18592/jils.v5i2.5793Keywords:
Perlindungan HAM, Kelompok Minoritas.Abstract
ABSTRAKKeniscayaan negara menyangkut Hak Asasi manusia (HAM) diaktualkan dengan melindung HAM setiap orang dari penyalahgunaan kekuasaan negara, menjamin keberadannya dalam ketentuan hukum, hak asasi manusia pada setiap individu. Di zaman orde baru, presiden serta bagian pemerintahan yang berkuasa selama 33 tahun (1965-1998) telah banyak tercatat melakukan pelbagai pelanggaran-pelanggaran HAM, terdapat 3 kasus yang telah diselesaikan dalam proses peradilan, yaitu; kasus Tanjung Priok 1984, Timor Timur 1999, dan Abepura 2000. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk membahas kronologi serta putusan peradilan dari peristiwa-peristiwa pelanggaran HAM berat yang telah diadili, khususnya paka 2 kasus tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian normatif, yaitu menggunakan penelitian deskripif dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif. Dalam kesimpulan penelitian ini, terdapat beberapa keputusan pengadilan yang menjadi kontroversi, diantaranya; pertamaKompensasi atau ganti rugi tidak diberikan kepada korban peristiwa tanjung priok. Kedua, Pengadilan HAM timor-timur hanya memutuskan satu orang yang menjalani hukuman penjeara, sedangkan yang lainnya dinyatakan bebas. Ketiga, Pelanggar HAM di abepura dibebaskan karena abepura diindikasikan bukan merupakan bagian pelanggaran HAM berat.Kata Kunci: Pelanggaran HAM Berat, Penegakan HAM ABSTRACTThe inevitability of the state regarding human rights (HAM) is actualized by protecting the human rights of everyone from abuse of state power, ensuring their existence in legal provisions, human rights for each individual. In the New Order era, the president and the government who ruled for 33 years (1965-1998) had many recorded human rights violations, there are 3 cases that have been resolved in the judicial process, namely; Tanjung Priok cases 1984, East Timor 1999, and Abepura 2000. This paper aims to discuss the chronology and judicial decisions of the incidents of gross human rights violations that have been tried, particularly in these 2 cases. The method used in this research is normative research, which uses descriptive research with a normative juridical approach. In the conclusion of this study, there are several court decisions that have become controversial, including; first Compensation or compensation is not given to victims of the Tanjung Priok incident. Second, the East Timor Human Rights Court only decided that one person was serving a prison sentence, while the others were declared acquitted. Third, human rights violators in abepura were released because abepura was indicated not to be part of a serious human rights violation.Keywords: Serious Human Rights Violations, Human Rights EnforcementReferences
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