Perlindungan Konsumen Jual Beli Properti Dalam Perspektif Fiqih Jual Beli
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18592/jils.v5i1.4829Abstract
Abstract: House is fundamental needs of every family, since house has a function as a shelter for all family members. Sometimes house is also a reflection of the owner’s economy, so they compete to show the best house. This is an interesting opportunity for developers. They offer houses to the public, but the houses they offer are usually just a land without buildings. Consumers who want the house must order previously with the developers. The ordering process must include a down payment, as proof that the consumer wish for the house.Buy and sell will become quite an interesting conversation among fiqh experts. It is feared that it will harm consumers so that the fiqh of buying and selling thoroughly reviews the law of buying and selling like this. There is a difference of opinion among the scholars of the mazhab. Opinions from the Hanafi, Hanbali and Maliki mazhab of buying and selling houses between consumers and developers where the house does not exist at the time the contract is allowed. Contemporary scholars allow property transactions even though the goods used as objects of sale and purchase do not yet existProperty transactions in Indonesia do not have the majority of objects, so in this case Islamic law must provide protection. However, legal protection is not binding because it is only regulated in the kompilasi hukum syariah fiqh in the form of khiyar ru'yah. Abstrak: Rumah adalah kebutuhan dasar setiap keluarga, sebab rumah mempunyai fungsi sebagai tempat bernaung semua anggota keluarga. Terkadang rumah juga menjadi cerminan ekonomi penghuninya, sehingga mereka berlomba-lomba menampilkan rumah terbaik. Hal ini menjadi peluang yang cukup menarik oleh para developer. Mereka menawarkan rumah-rumah kepada masyarakat, namun rumah yang mereka tawarkan biasanya hanya berupa lahan kosong tanpa bangunan. Para konsumen yang menghendaki rumah tersebut harus terlebih dahulu memesan kepada para developer. Proses pemesanan harus menyertakan uang muka, sebagai bukti bahwa konsumen benar dipastikan menginginkan rumah tersebut.Jual beli dengan objek akan ada menjadi perbincangan yang cukup menarik dikalangan para ahli fiqih. Sebab dikhawatirkan akan merugikan konsumen sehinga fiqih jual beli mengulas tuntas tentang hukum jual beli seperti ini. Ada perbedaan pendapat dari kalangan ulama mazhab. Mazhab Syafi’i secara keras melarang transaksi demikian, sedangkan Pendapat dari mazhab Hanafi, Hanbali dan Maliki jual beli rumah antara konsumen dengan developer dimana rumah itu belum ada pada saat akad diperbolehkan. Mereka berpendapat hukum jual beli diperbolehkan sebab diketahui jenis dan sifatnya oleh konsumen. Ulama-ulama kontemporer memperbolehkan transaksi properti walaupun barang yang dijadikan sebagai objek jual belinya belum ada.Transaksi properti di indonesia mayoritas objeknya belum ada, maka dalam hal ini hukum Islam harus memberikan perlindungan. Akan tetapi wujud perlindungan hukumnya tidak bersifat mengikat sebab hanya diatur di dalam Kompilasi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah dan ilmu fiqih dalam bentuk khiyar ru’yahReferences
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Kompilasi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah
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