Variasi Konsentrasi Senyawa Fitokimia Sirih Merah Dan Pelarut Heksana Menggunakan Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry

Ardiansyah Ardiansyah; Ardian Trio Wicaksono

doi:10.18592/ak.v3i2.11752

Authors

Ardiansyah Ardiansyah UIN Antasari Banjarmasin
Ardian Trio Wicaksono UIN Antasari Banjarmasin

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18592/ak.v3i2.11752

Keywords:

red betel, GC-MS, GC-MS analysis

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk optimalisasi metode penetapan senyawa fitokimia dalam sirih merah (Piper crocatum) menggunakan teknik maserasi dengan pelarut n-heksana dan Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) melalui berbagai variasi konsentrasi. Sirih merah dikenal memiliki senyawa fitokimia sehingga berpotensi dalam pengembangan metode ekstraksi. Diperlukan analisis yang mendalam untuk pemahaman yang lebih komprehensif terhadap komposisi kimia tanaman ini terutama mempertimbangkan variasi konsentrasi dalam sampel. Penelitian terhadap komposisi fitokimia dalam sirih merah menjadi sangat penting dalam upaya memahami potensinya pada kesehatan dan produk herbal lainnya. Daun sirih merah dihaluskan dan diekstraksi dengan pelarut n-heksana melalui metode maserasi. Selanjutnya dilakukan variasi konsentrasi (volume/volume) pada larutan ekstrak yang dihasilkan. Kemudian, dilakukan analisis GC-MS pada setiap variasi konsentrasi untuk memperoleh profil senyawa fitokimia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode maserasi dengan pelarut n-heksana efektif dalam mengekstraksi senyawa-senyawa fitokimia dari sirih merah. Variasi konsentrasi yang tepat pada 400/1000 sampai dengan 600/1000. Variasi konsentrasi dalam analisis GC-MS memberikan informasi tambahan mengenai respons senyawa-senyawa terhadap perubahan konsentrasi sehingga memperkaya pemahaman kita tentang komposisi kimia tanaman ini. Hasil ini diharapkan dapat mendukung pemahaman lebih lanjut tentang pemanfaatan sirih merah secara optimal dalam bidang penelitian, praktikum, farmasi dan produk kesehatan berbasis herbal.

References

Al-Taee, H., Azimullah, S., Meeran, M. F. N., Alaraj Almheiri, M. K., Al Jasmi, R. A., Tariq, S., AB Khan, M., Adeghate, E., & Ojha, S. (2019). β-caryophyllene, a dietary phytocannabinoid attenuates oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and prevents structural alterations of the myocardium against doxorubicin-induced acute cardiotoxicity in rats: An in vitro and in vivo study. European Journal of Pharmacology, 858, 172467. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172467

Barupal, T., Meena, M., & Sharma, K. (2019). Inhibitory effects of leaf extract of Lawsonia inermis on Curvularia lunata and characterization of novel inhibitory compounds by GC–MS analysis. Biotechnology Reports, 23, e00335. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.btre.2019.e00335

Enerijiofi, K. E., Akapo, F. H., & Erhabor, J. O. (2021). GC–MS analysis and antibacterial activities of Moringa oleifera leaf extracts on selected clinical bacterial isolates. Bulletin of the National Research Centre, 45(1), 179. https://doi.org/10.1186/s42269-021-00640-9

Fatmawaty, F., Anggreni, N. G. M., Fadhil, N., & Prasasty, V. D. (2019). Potential In Vitro and In Vivo Antioxidant Activities from Piper Crocatum and Persea Americana Leaf Extracts. Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal, 12(2), 661–667. https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/1686

Gong, Y., Li, H. X., Guo, R. H., Widowati, W., Kim, Y. H., Yang, S. Y., & Kim, Y. R. (2021). Anti-allergic Inflammatory Components from the Leaves of Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 44(2), 245–250. https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.b20-00726

Granquist, L., Carlsson, A., Jonson, S., Andersson, K., Karlsson, P., Dahlén, J., & Dunne, S. (2019). Optimization of peak area precision of a GC–MS drug screening method using a nonparametric sign test. Accreditation and Quality Assurance, 24(3), 215–226. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00769-019-01376-w

Hadi, S. (2012). Pengambilan Minyak Atsiri Bunga Cengkeh (Clove Oil) menggunakan Pelarut n-Heksana dan Bezena. Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan, 1(2), 25–30.

Irawan, C., Tambunan, J. A., Rachmy, S., Putri, I. D., Rosalina, & Suhartini. (2024). Phytochemical Analysis of Red Betel (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav) Stem Extracts and its Antioxidant and Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitory Potentials. Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research, 8(4). https://doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v8i4.42

Januarti, I. B., Wijayanti, R., Wahyuningsih, S., & Nisa, Z. (2019). Potensi Ekstrak Terpurifikasi Daun Sirih Merah (Piper crocatum Ruiz &Pav) Sebagai Antioksidan Dan Antibakteri. JPSCR : Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research, 4(2), 60. https://doi.org/10.20961/jpscr.v4i2.27206

Keylla da Conceição Machado, Muhammad Torequl Islam, Eunüs S. Ali, Razina Rouf, Shaikh Jamal Uddin, Shrabanti Dev, Jamil A. Shilpi, Manik Chandra Shill, Hasan Mahmud Reza, Asish Kumar Das, Subrata Shaw, Mohammad S. Mubarak, Siddhartha Kumar Mishra, & Ana Amelia de Carvalho Melo-Cavalcante. (2018). Phytotherapy Research | Medicinal Chemistry Journal | Wiley Online Library. A systematic review on the neuroprotective perspectives of beta-caryophyllene, 32, 2376–2388. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.6199

Lister, I. N. E., Ginting, C. N., Girsang, E., Armansyah, A., Marpaung, H. H., Sinaga, A. P. F., Handayani, R. A. S., & Rizal, R. (2019). Antioxidant Properties of Red Betel (Piper crocatum) Leaf Extract and Its Compounds. Journal of Natural Remedies, 198–205. https://doi.org/10.18311/jnr/2019/23633

Madhumita, M., Guha, P., & Nag, A. (2019). Extraction of betel leaves (Piper betle L.) essential oil and its bio-actives identification: Process optimization, GC-MS analysis and anti-microbial activity. Industrial Crops and Products, 138, 111578. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2019.111578

Naz, R., Roberts, T. H., Bano, A., Nosheen, A., Yasmin, H., Hassan, M. N., Keyani, R., Ullah, S., Khan, W., & Anwar, Z. (2020). GC-MS analysis, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antilipoxygenase and cytotoxic activities of Jacaranda mimosifolia methanol leaf extracts and fractions. PLOS ONE, 15(7), e0236319. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0236319

Nuriah, S., Putri, M. D., Rahayu, S., Advaita, C. V., Nurfadhila, L., & Utami, M. R. (2023). Analisis Kualitatif Senyawa Parasetamol Pada Sampel Biologis Menggunakan Metode Gas Chromatography—Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences, 6(2), 795–803. https://doi.org/10.36490/journal-jps.com.v6i2.158

Purnama, E. W., Safithri, M., & Andrianto, D. (2023). Clusterization of Red Betel Leaves (Piper Crocatum) from Various Regions in Indonesia Based on Secondary Metabolite Fingerprint Analysis and Cytotoxicity Values. Indonesian Journal of Applied Research (IJAR), 4(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.30997/ijar.v4i2.293

Puspita, P. J., Safithri, M., & Sugiharti, N. P. (2019). Antibacterial Activities of Sirih Merah (Piper crocatum) Leaf Extracts. Current Biochemistry, 5(3), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.29244/cb.5.3.1-10

Skoog, D. A., West, D. M., Holler, F. J., & Crouch, S. R. (2014). Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry, Ninth Edition (nineth). Mary Finch.

Stianto, M., Peristiowati, Y., & Farida, S. (2018). The Benefits of Red Betel Leaf Extract for Perineal Wound Healing in BPM Rini District Kediri. Journal for Quality in Public Health, 1(2), 58–66. https://doi.org/10.30994/jqph.v1i2.18

Suri, M. A., Azizah, Z., & Asra, R. (2021). A Review: Traditional Use, Phytochemical and Pharmacological Review of Red Betel Leaves (Piper Crocatum Ruiz & Pav). Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, 9(1), 159–163. https://doi.org/10.22270/ajprd.v9i1.926

Tian, J., Chen, G., & He, Z. (2014). Overcoming Matrix Effects: GC Method Development for the Determination of Triethylamine and Dimethyl Sulfoxide in a Drug Substance. Journal of Chromatographic Science, 52(1), 36–41. https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/bms201