HATE SPEECH FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF IMAM AL-GHAZÂLÎ AND ITS CONTEXT IN SOCIAL MEDIA/ HATE SPEECH DALAM PERSFEKTIF IMAM AL-GHAZALI DAN KONTEKSNYA DENGAN MEDIA SOSIAL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18592/msr.v7i2.18171Keywords:
Hate Speech, Imam al-Ghazali, ITE LawAbstract
Hate speech is a serious problem for religious adherents and a challenge for governments. Its spread is due to the increasingly strong influence of globalization, with open access and the excuse of free speech. Imam al-Ghazali, a prominent medieval scholar, already mentioned the importance of avoiding hate speech with the term as-Syukriyah. The purpose of this study is to determine how the concept of hate speech on social media is viewed from the perspective of Imam al-Ghazali. This study uses library research with a descriptive interpretive qualitative approach, using the Miles and Huberman analysis technique, namely data collection, data reduction, data display, and conclusion and verification. The results of this study show that the concept of hate speech on social media according to Imam al-Ghazali is called as-Syukriyah, which means “insulting or belittling others through words, behavior, or gestures.” This action is haram (forbidden), considered bad character, and the perpetrator is classified as a fasiq farji (immoral person). In the context of positive law, free speech is guaranteed by Article 1 of Law No. 39 of 1999 concerning Human Rights. However, free speech is still limited by ethics, norms, and legal regulations in the ITE Law, which strictly regulates hate speech on social media. In line with Imam al-Ghazali's concept, the principles of Islamic law and positive law state that hate speech violates human values, ethics, and the law, and triggers social conflict. Therefore, synergy between Imam al-Ghazali's religious ethics and the law is necessary to maintain social harmony and stability.
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