INTERWEAVING CHARACTER EDUCATION IN ENGLISH TEXTBOOK OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Accepted: 26 June 2020 This research is aimed at find out the character education values in reading materials of English textbook which is published by Yudhistira and Tiga Serangkai. This research used the textbook that is used by the eleventh grade of Senior High School as a handbook. This study is a descriptive qualitative research by doing content analysis. In conducting the research, the researchers analyzed the reading materials provided in the textbook by analyzing the material and determined the genre and character education value of the text. Throughout the analysis, the researchers found 15 characters education values are inserted in reading text material, involve: Friendly, Social Care, Love Peace, Curiosity, Religious, Joy of Reading, Tolerance, The Spirit of Nationality, Love Homeland, Creative, Discipline, Rewarding Achievement, Hard Work, Environmental Care, and Responsibility. The teachers assess the character education values directly and joined with other evaluation, in the form of Affective. Therefore, the finding of this research is expected for the teacher to come up with the moral education which inserted in reading materials. Furthermore, in the future character education is intended can be developed and fully realized in the school practices. Corresponding Author:


INTRODUCTION
The issue of character education has been a global matter in the education setting. As what had been reported by Harrison, Morris, Ryan (2016), the issues of character education have emerged in the UK, US, India, China, Taiwan, Canada, Korea, Australia, and Malaysia. Meanwhile, in the fast-paced, ever changing society in which Indonesian live, where children bring guns to school, hate crimes are committed daily, and the suicide rate is rising, character education is essential.
Multicultural character education will not only help create stronger individuals, but stronger societies. Throughout history educators have used English to teach multicultural character education effectively.
The national education framework in UU RI Nomor 20 Tahun 2003 states that education is objected to develop the students' potency to be faithful and pious men as well as having precious character, healthy, clever, creative, learned, becoming democratic, and responsible citizens. In the implementation of formal education, the optimizing of this objective is formulated with basic competences packed in "Curriculum Based Competence" which is prevalently known as KBK (Kurikulum

Berbasis Kompetensi).
The application of character education, as one reference to the developmental scope of the learners, becomes the benchmark in curriculum development. It is profoundly potential for early child's natural potentials to be developed. As Diamond (2008) comments, the resulting statements on the curriculum will be the basis on which the main objectives of each subject within the curriculum will be determined. Saadillah LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol. 10 No. 1 2020 Education Indonesia, in  The integration of values in the formation of character through the world of education requires careful planning for the results in accordance with the expected.
The process of cultivating values in character building through education must be well packed and structured that can be implemented through learning activities. One of the supporting requirements is the textbook, which is reading text. Teaching materials are very helpful for teachers and students in achieving learning objectives.
On the other hand, the students are able to understand and creating various shorts functional and monologue texts, and essay in the form of narrative, descriptive, recount, procedure, report, etc. The materials can be authentic materials, for example from magazine, newspaper, textbook, or etc.
Nowadays the required graduates should not only be clever in knowledge, but should also be cultured, have high moral standards, and have great character. Thus, the success of an institution is not only measured from its scientific intelligences but also from spiritual and emotional intelligences. Scientific intelligence without good character, behaviour, and attitude will tend to destroy any thing, and those can be implemented through character education in Curriculum 2013. As what Arthur (2005) consider that character education ought to be built on the basis that the characters should be developed, logically used, and internally motivating the users to form their moral identity.
Yet, the recent momentum from the Indonesian President Regulation no. 87 of 2017 on strengthening character education further ignites the curriculum reformation, P a g e | 89 Saadillah LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol. 10 No. 1 2020 where this, in effect, requires the teacher to explicitly incorporate the character education in their classroom (Indonesia Cabinet Secretariat, 2017). This allows the government to provide the technical guidance in order to grasp and supplement the implementation of character education in both formal and informal education, through various means such as civic education, religious-infused subjects, or any other implementation.
Thus far, the researchers have discussed character education in general.
However, character education is fundamental in teaching students to understand, appreciate, and respect multicultural diversity. Based on those explanations, the researchers are interested in analysing how the education character values link on English textbook of senior high school. The initial goal of character education is to exemplify good character characteristics for students (Skaggs & Bodenhorn, 2006).
The significances of this research were expected to provide some advantages of character education in English reading material.

METHOD
This study is a descriptive qualitative research by doing content analysis which is aimed to analyse reading text on the textbook in building character education of English learning of XI grade students at MAN 2 Model Banjarmasin. This school implements Curriculum 2013 and students' character in this school are developed well. In this research, documents are used to gain information about reading text materials which are used in teaching and learning process. The researcher inquired the documents from the subject teachers, it can be lesson plan or the syllabus and English course book. Next, the researcher read the documents, mark the part of document (lesson plan or syllabus) which are concerned with the research questions including language focus and activities for each meeting, then, the researcher interpreting the data from documents. After finishing doing the data reduction and data display, the researcher concludes the result of the research based on the research problems character education theory are used.

Friendly
Victims of bullying are often shy and tend to be physically weaker than their peers.  Through this sentence, the teacher teaches the students that victims of bullying should not be shunned. Rather, they must be given protection and support to restore their confidence.

Social Care
If your child is the victim of bullying, he may suffer physically and emotionally, and his schoolwork will likely show it. His grades will drop because, instead of listening to the teacher, he is wondering what he did wrong and whether or not anyone will sit with him at lunch.  By knowing the impact that caused by bullying, students are expected to understand and caring for P a g e | 91 Saadillah LET: Linguistics,Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol. 10 No. 1 2020 the victims of bullying in their surroundings.

Love Peace
They are more apt to abuse alcohol, smoke, and even grow to be an abusive spouse. Some studies have even found a correlation between bullying and later criminal activities.  Through this sentence, the teacher teaches the students to avoid bullying to make a peace.

Character Education Sentence
Curiosity This is why younger children's reading should, in many circumstances, be more closely monitored.  Through this sentence, the teacher motivates and instills a sense of curiosity to the students to fond of reading.

Religious
Some parents also stop their children from reading certain books on religious grounds. This is completely understandable if the book promotes Satanism, or undesirable practices, but in many cases, censorship is unnecessary.  Through this sentence, the teacher explains to the P a g e | 92 Saadillah LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol. 10 No. 1 2020 students to avoid books that containing deviant values such as Satanism or undesirable practices so as not to damage the values of religion they hold.

Joy of Reading
Read things and keep an open mind. Reading is good for children, so parents shouldn't discourage it.  This sentence encourages student/reading to develop their habit to read.

Text 3
Title : There is no title for this reading material.

Source : Talk Active 2 Senior High School Year XI page 74
In this text, the researcher found two character values which related to the topic that is discuss about the serious impact to smokers which not only harm themselves but also make many people feel disturbed because the smell of smoke.
Two character values concern are Social Care and Tolerance are explained on the table 3.

Social Care
Smoking frequently results in social isolation because many people don't smoke and so don't want to be in the presence of second-hand smoke.  Through this sentence, the teacher teaches the students that smoking also injure others because the fog greatly interferes with the breathing of others who do not smoke.

Creative
There are many kinds and designs of ulos, which P a g e | 94 Saadillah LET: Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching Journal Vol. 10 No. 1 2020 have their own respective meaning in accordance to the characteristics, conditions, functions, and some relations.  Through this sentence, teacher encourages students to be more creative to design a new design of ulos in the future.

Text 5
Title : There is no title for this reading material.

Love peace
They might pick on kids who get upset easily or who have trouble sticking up for themselves. Getting a big reaction out of someone can make bullies feel like they have the power they want.  Through this sentence, teacher explains to the students even though have an older age and have power than the younger, students are expected to love and kind to youngers.

Text 8
Title : There is no title for this reading material.

Discipline
A recent government study shows that only one in three Afghan mothers washes her hands before feeding her children.  Through this sentence, students learning discipline value to wash their hand before meals to prevent the diseases.

Text 10
Title : Superstition is Superstition

Program page 38
The title of the text above is Superstition is Superstition inserting Religious value which very important for students, because it explaining how we should respond phenomenon such as hoax or superstition, for instance "SMS Santet" from unknown. The detail analysis about this character values will be explained in table 10.  "How long do they grow mango trees?" the tourist asked, (Line 17) To his surprise, the tourist asked, "How long does it take to grow durian?" (Line 29) "Look there! What a gorgeous tree! What's the name of that tree?" (Line 46) From the sentences above, teacher teaches to the students for having a curiosity, because with curiosity, we would be encouraged to learn more and better.

Text 12
Title : There is no title for this reading material.

Program page 60
There is a character education value in the text above, which is Hard Work, as exemplified the ancestor survived by hunting and gathering the food. Moreover, the Hard Work value is explained on the table 12.  They lose all their things, they cannot get money from collecting trash, and they must stay in a detention house. Inside their heart, they know that being cartmen violates the city regulations but, alas, what can they do? They do not have skills necessary to get a job. They finally submit to fate and opt to brave all the risks and threats of being cartmen. (Line 12-17) The sentence above giving a lesson to the students that to fulfil a daily needs is not that simple, and to get everything what we need we have to work hard.

Social care
Other things are the responsibilities of other departments. For example, for the problem of education, they need the involvement of the education office; for the problem of work, they need help from the workforce office; and so on.  The sentence above giving the lesson to the students that poverty not only the responsibility of the government, but that is our responsible as a good citizen.

Text 15
Title : There is no title in this passage

Program page 80
The text above discusses one of Indonesia cultural heritages in the form of  This sentence giving the lesson to the students for loving the cultural heritage in the form dance. Also, students are expected can preserve the cultural heritage in Indonesia.

The spirit of Nationality
Dances have social, religious, and magical function, dances are performed for and during social events such as births, marriages, hunting, wars, etc. (Line 9-11) By knowing various functions of dances in Indonesia, students are expected can embed the spirit of nationality and disenchant them that Indonesia is rich in tradition and culture.

Religious
In their religious function, dances are performed for religious rituals such as worshipping, offering, initiation, burials, etc. The Pendet and Gabor dances of Bali, for example, are used in offering ceremonies.  Some dances in Indonesia also used for religious ritual such as in Bali. Thus, a dance is not only considered an entertainment, but also is a part of religious ritual.  By held a festival which coincides with an independence day would spread the spirit of nationality especially for Papuan.

Love homeland
These people were the "traditional soldiers". Wearing their koteka, they held spears in their left hands and bows and arrows in their right.  The use of koteka (traditional cloth from Papua), is expected to introduce the diversity of traditional cloth in Indonesia to students in order to make them loving their homeland.  There is a Curiosity character value in the text that explains the inductivedeductive approach which is widely followed by many of the modern scientists of the world which is explained on the table 18.    After conducting research about character education in English textbook, the researchers found that is needed for the teacher to conscious about character values that are inserted in reading text materials because the teacher plays important role in implementing character education to enhance the quality of the learning process.

CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
Furthermore, since character education based learning is still developing in Indonesia, it requires attentions and supports from external assistances such as government and technology to gain the better output in the future.